From industrial powerhouse to uncertain future: lessons from Britain’s chemical industry

In 1989 a young Janet Godsell, one of the authors of this article, spent a week on night shifts in the powerhouse at ICI’s Huddersfield works in west Yorkshire. She was starting her career at the biggest chemicals company in the UK, but it would be broken up and sold off a few years later as part of Britain’s drive to focus on only making the most lucrative products. This is the story of what happened to ICI and why its break-up looks less inspired now than it did at the time.

Elastic in cash, inelastic in repo: hedge funds in the treasury and repo markets

The functioning of sovereign bond markets is closely intertwined with repo markets, where investors finance long positions and source bonds for short sales. We show, theoretically and empirically, how conditions in the cash bond market fundamentally shape repo rates: When demand for cash bonds exceeds available supply, arbitrageurs, notably hedge funds, step in to bridge the gap by shorting bonds and borrowing them in the repo market. These arbitrage strategies drive a wedge between monetary policy rates and repo rates, generating “specialness”.

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