Crédit Agricole pitches merger of Italian business with Banco BPM
French lender seeks to create Italy’s third-largest bank amid a flurry of dealmaking in the industry
Unlocking supervisory effectiveness in credit risk: insights from the ECB’s supervisory findings and measures
This paper provides an assessment of supervisory effectiveness in credit risk using confidential data from ECB Banking Supervision. The analysis covers 8,106 supervisory measures issued and closed between 2016 and 2025. A central contribution is the construction of a measure level indicator of supervisory effectiveness based on large language model (LLM) analysis of supervisory narratives and closure justifications. The indicator captures whether supervisory measures resulted in full remediation of the underlying deficiencies.
Unlocking supervisory effectiveness in credit risk: insights from the ECB’s supervisory findings and measures
This paper provides an assessment of supervisory effectiveness in credit risk using confidential data from ECB Banking Supervision. The analysis covers 8,106 supervisory measures issued and closed between 2016 and 2025. A central contribution is the construction of a measure level indicator of supervisory effectiveness based on large language model (LLM) analysis of supervisory narratives and closure justifications. The indicator captures whether supervisory measures resulted in full remediation of the underlying deficiencies.
From recognition to integration: the ECB’s progress on climate and nature-related risks and the role of its climate change centre
The ECB climate change centre (CCC) was established in 2021 to design and steer the ECB’s response to climate-related risks. During its first five years, the centre has evolved from a dedicated coordination hub into a facilitator of the integration of climate and nature-related risks into the ECB’s overall analytical and risk framework. It has thereby supported the institution’s progression from “recognition to integration” in addressing climate and nature-related risks.
GSI puts diplomacy in EastMed to the test
The Great Sea Interconnector (GSI), the ambitious electricity project linking Greece, Cyprus and eventually Israel, is once again emerging as a potential flashpoint in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Fitch leaves rating and outlook unchanged, concluding positive year for GGBs
Fitch affirmed Greece’s rating at “BBB” with a stable outlook on Friday, concluding the autumn review cycle and a positive year for Greek government bonds (GGBs) on the ratings front.
GSI work resumes amid domestic tension over possible concessions made by Athens
Frozen since 2024, work on the Great Sea Interconnector (GSI) has resumed but despite cross-party support in Greece for this major energy project, the government and opposition clashed over the details of the restart, which has prompted accusations that Athens is making risky concessions.
Energy drives 21.7% YoY increase of in Sep trade deficit
Greece’s trade deficit continued its rise in September with a jump of 21.7 percent year-on-year (YoY), after an increase of 3.6 percent in August, according to data released by ELSTAT on Friday.
UniCredit set to seal Commerzbank takeover this month
Italian lender plans to launch restructuring of German target in first quarter of 2027
U.S. Cleared Nvidia Chips to Chinese Firms With Empty Offices and Troubling Ties
The Commerce Department has approved dozens of Chinese companies to handle Nvidia’s H200 chips, some of which have ties to firms under sanctions over national security.
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