Inflation risk and heterogeneous trading down

I examine how households adjust the quality of their purchases in response to adverse economic shocks. Using household scanner data from Germany, I document heterogeneous responses across income levels. Higher-income households tend to reduce the quality of the goods they purchase, whereas lower-income households, who typically consume lower-quality goods, show a limited propensity to trade down, likely due to a limited ability to do so. To assess the equilibrium effects of an aggregate shift in demand toward lower-quality varieties, I implement a shift-share research design.

Inflation risk and heterogeneous trading down

I examine how households adjust the quality of their purchases in response to adverse economic shocks. Using household scanner data from Germany, I document heterogeneous responses across income levels. Higher-income households tend to reduce the quality of the goods they purchase, whereas lower-income households, who typically consume lower-quality goods, show a limited propensity to trade down, likely due to a limited ability to do so. To assess the equilibrium effects of an aggregate shift in demand toward lower-quality varieties, I implement a shift-share research design.

Systemic risks in linkages between banks and the non-bank financial sector

Linkages between euro area banks and entities in the non-bank financial intermediation (NBFI) sector may lead to the emergence of systemic risk in at least two fields. First, the banking sector receives short-term deposit, repo and debt securities liabilities from NBFI entities. Such liabilities may be prone to flight risk and difficult to substitute. Second, euro area banks provide credit to NBFI entities which follow leveraged investment strategies.

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