Geography versus income: the heterogeneous effects of carbon taxation

The distributive effects of carbon taxation are critical for its political acceptability and depend on both income and geographic factors. Using French administrative data, household surveys, and matched employer-employee records, we document that rural households spend 2.8 times more on fossil fuels than urban households and are employed in firms that emit 2.7 times more greenhouse gases. We incorporate these insights into a spatial heterogeneous-agent model with endogenous migration and wealth accumulation, linking spatial and macroeconomic approaches.

Opening the black box of local projections

Local projections (LPs) are widely used in empirical macroeconomics to estimate impulse responses to policy interventions. Yet, in many ways, they are black boxes. It is often unclear what mechanism or historical episodes drive a particular estimate. We introduce a new decomposition of LP estimates into the sum of contributions of historical events, which is the product, for each time stamp, of a weight and the realization of the response variable. In the least squares case, we show that these weights admit two interpretations. First, they represent purified and standardized shocks.

Economists Warn: Trump’s Intel Move Looks Like Performance, Not Policy

Two economists who have studied Intel warn that Trump’s move to take a stake in the company amounts to flashy optics, incoherent strategy, and a creeping politicization of economic policy.
Intel, once dominant in semiconductors, has flailed amid manufacturing problems, leadership changes, and fierce global competition. And unfortunately, it matters because in a world where chips are the new oil, controlling them means controlling power -- economic, military, and geopolitical.

Central bank communication with non-experts: insights from a randomized field experiment

We would like to thank Philipp Lane, Klaus Adam, Michael Ehrmann, Christophe Kamps, Timo Reinelt, Annalisa Ferrando, Philippine Cour-Thimann, Felix Hammermann, Davide Romelli, Andreas Kapounek, and colleagues from DG Communication for for their valuable feedback on earlier versions of this paper. This paper was presented at the 2025 AEA Conference in San Francisco, and we appreciate the feedback and suggestions received from the participants.

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